Combined level, square, plumb, and bevel.



G. E. MGLANE. COMBINED LEVEL, SQUARE, PLUMB, AND BEVEL. APPLICATION FILED FEBJZ, 1913.

1,125,861 Patented Jan.19, 1915.

Ehwwtm' HE NORRIS PETERS co.. F'HO7O-LITHOH WASHINGTON. a c

1 newspa ers-as PATENT. ent ies.

GEORGE E: McLANE,

or PHILADELPHIA, rnivivsvnvemn.

- conrsrnnn LEVEL, SQUARE, PLUMB, AND BEVEL.

Application filed. Februarj 12, 1913.-

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE E. MCLANE,

citizen of the United States, residing at Germantown, Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Levels, Squares, Plumbs, and Bevels, of which the following is a specification." j v This invention aims to provide a' combined bevel, square, plumb and level, and.

relates more "particularly to an attachment for carpenters" squares, the same being adapted for use in ascertaining when work against which the square is applied is level or plumb, or if neither, at what angle it is beveled or inclined. It is one aim of the invention to provide an attachment for carpenters squares of the character above mentioned which may bereadily applied to the square and may be readily detached therefrom. when it is desired to employ the square alone.

The further aim of the invention isto so construct the attachment that when in use in connection with. the square, the :desired testsas to b8Vel,vplLu1'lb and level, maybe made by placing. one or the other of the Viewv similar to Fig. 1. illustrating a slight arms of the squareagainst either the upper or'underfsideof the; work, depending upon which side of the work is themoreacev cessible. o

. V Fora full understanding of the invention reference is to be had to the following descriptionand accompanying drawing, in,

Which:-

Figure 1 is a side elevation illustrating the instrument embodying the present intvention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sec-' tional view illustrating the mannerin which the swinging indicator arm ofthe instrument is hung. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on. the line 38 .of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 IS a modification of the invention. Fig. 5 is a view in elevation of theupper end of. the

modified form of the swinging indicator arm shown lnFlg. 4.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in" the following descriptionand indi- Inwthe drawing, the. square in itself is illustrated as including the. usual arms 1,

and 2, .whichpof course, extend at right angles with respect to each other, the square Specification of Letters Patent.

marks 1O, 11,

Patented Jena, 19, 1915. Serial no. 748,023.

- the points of location of these notches being co-incident with lines extending midway between the edges of the arms 1 and 2, respectively. The arm 1 of the squareis formed with an opening 6 provided in its wall with a; notch which is presented toward and in alinement with the notch 4 in the wall of the opening 3. The opening 6 is located at the end of the arm 1 and the arm 2 is formed at its end with an opening 8 the wall of which has a notch 9 presented toward the notch 5 and in alinement therewith. The faceof the arm 1 of the square adjacent the notch a has marked upon it an arcuate series of scale marks indicated at 10, the purpose of which will be presently explained. Also, for a purpose to be presently explained, the face of the arm 2 is formed-with asimilar series, of scale marks 11 -located opposite and adjacent to the notch 5. The arms-l and 2 are further provided, respectively, with marks 12 and l3,flocated near the openings intli'eir ends, and in practice, these scale 12 and 13 are respectively equidistantly spaced fromthe notches 7, 9, 4; and 5. The face of each arm 1 and 2 is furthermore provided with a series of scale marks l t which indicatethe bevel or angle of inclination-of a piece of work against which the instrument is disposed, when the swinging indicator arm registers therewith, in the manner to be presently pointed out.

In thatform of the invention shown in Figs. '1 to 3 inclusive, the swinging indicator arm is indicated by the numeral 15 and is flat-sided and has parallel lateral edges 16 and stone end is tapered to an indicating point 17. At its other end the arm 15 is provided with a pivotstud'lS which projects from one face thereof and is substantially its end with a head 19 which is of a diameter,

slightly less than that of either of the openseries of scale ings 3, 6, or 8. and the stud 18 is ofsuch cross-sectional diameter as to be freely'received within the notches, formed in the walls of any of these openings. At this point it will be apparent that the head 19 is insertible through any one of the openings 3,

6 and 8 so that the stud 18 may engage in i any one of the notches 4, 5, 7 and 9, and it will be noted that the indicator arm 15 is of such length that when itsstud 18 is engaged in the notch 1 its indicator end will register with the scale 12; and when engaged in the notch the saidend will register withthe scale 13; when in the notch 9 with the scale 11, and when in the notch 7 with the scale Before proceeding to a description of the manner of using the instrument that formof the invention shown in Figs. 45 and 5 will be I described.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the

arms of the square are formed adjacent the point of juncture of their longitudinalmedian lines with slots 20 which correspond in function to the opening 3 and the notches 1' and 5 in the wall thereof, these slots 20 extending longitudinally with'relation to the spective slot and disengagementof the stud will be prevented in the samemanner as by the provision of the head 19 in the first, described form of the invention.

From the foregoing itjwill be apparent that'the principles of the invention may be embodied, if desired, in a tri-square and that the openings 3, 6 and 8 may be located otherwise than-as shown in; Fig. 1 ofthe; drawmgs. r

In using the instrument, the head 19 is inserted through one or another of the openings 3, 6 and 8 and'one or the other of the armsof the square is then disposed against the work, whereupon the indicator arm 15 will cooperate with one of the scales upon the arms of the square and indicate the plumb, level, inclination or bevel of the work. .More specifically, if the instrument is'to be employed, for example, indetermining whether or not the work is plumb, and the piece of work is so located that the test must be made by disposing the instrument againstthe left-hand face thereof, the pivotstud 18 is engagedin the notch 5 and the edge of the arm 2 is then disposed against the face of the work, the indicator end 17 of the arm 15 co6perating-withthe scale13 to indicate-whether or not the Work is plumb. Under somecircumstancesit may be. found desirable to reverse the square and engage the pivotstudiofithe. indicator arm in the notch 7 so that the indicator end of'the arm will cooperate with the scale 10,,thejedgeof the arm 1 being disposed against the lefthand face of the"work. .In like manner where a testis tobe nade by disposing the instrument against the; right hand; face of the work, the pivot studfisfengaged in the notch 9 and the indicator arm, cooperates. withthe scale 11,01 the stud may be; engaged in the notch 4, whereby the arm willjeoiiperi-J ate with thescale 1 2} a i L From the foregoing it will'be rea'dily, understood how the instrumentwy,be em ployed in ascertaining; whether or not a piece of work is level, whether theinstru ment is to be disposed againstthefupper or the under side ofjthe work, and it willjalso be n rsto that hen t eip vot tudv s. n g n the f he n tch and v nd;

one arm or the other of'the squareis disposed against the inclined face of apiece-off work, the angle of inclination ofthe work or the angle ofits bevel will beindicated by the intersection of'one or the other of the lateral edges 16 of the indicator arm 1'5with; the inner edges of the arms 1 or 2 vof the.

square at the points indicated by the intersection of theends of the scale marks 14' with the edges of the arms 1 or 2 as the case may .be.

Itwill be observed that-when" itis desired to use the square byitself, the indicator arm may be readily and quickly detached and laid aside until lagain required'for use.

. Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new is 1. In an instrument of the class described,"

a member having arms relatively angularlypositioned, and an indicator arm arranged;

to be pivotally supported for free swinging;

movement at the juncture of the a1ms3or at the endof one arm, the-arms being pro w vided with indication marks withwhich the indicator, arm is arranged to cooperate when pivotally supported. at one; or the other of said points. a 2. Inan instrument of the class described,"

a' member having arms relatively angularly j lib positioned, one ofthe arms being provided with a transverse series of; indication marks and at one edge witha scale, and an indicator arm pivotally supported upon the said member and arrangedat its free end-to cooperate-with the indication marks upon the arm and to cooperate at one edge with that edge of the arm-atwhich the'scaleis 10-1 cated.

8. Inan instrumentof the class described,-v amember having relativelyangularly. disposedarms 1 and formed at" the j uncture of its arms with anopening, thewall of the longitudinally notches in their walls,

"opening being formed with notches arranged longitudinally 'of the respective arms, each of the arms having an indication mark spaced from the respective notch, and an indicator having a headed stud engageable through the opening and arranged to the indicator cation mark upon one of the arms when the stud is engaged in the notch disposed of the respective arm.

4. An instrument of the class described comprising a square provided at its corner and at its ends with" openings having said notches being of the respective and the said arms being disposed longitudinally arms of the square,

provided with scales along their edges and on their sides with transverse scales disposed on arcs respectively concentric with the openings at the ends of the respective arms and the opening at the junction of the arms, and an indicator arm provided at ,one end with a pivot adapted to engage any one of the openings in the square and having an indicating point at its opposite end adapted to move over the scale concentric with the opening the notch of which is engaged, the edges of said arm cooperating with the scales along the edges of the arms of the square.

In testimony whereof I alfix my signature in presence of two witnesses. GEORGE E. McLANE. \Vitnesses:

FREDK. C. EBERHARDT, E. R. MoCLEEsE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of IPatents.

' Washington, D. C. 

